// Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package com.google.gerrit.elasticsearch;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList.toImmutableList;
import static com.google.gson.FieldNamingPolicy.LOWER_CASE_WITH_UNDERSCORES;
import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.collect.ArrayListMultimap;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import com.google.common.collect.ListMultimap;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.google.common.collect.Streams;
import com.google.common.flogger.FluentLogger;
import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding;
import com.google.common.io.CharStreams;
import com.google.gerrit.common.Nullable;
import com.google.gerrit.elasticsearch.ElasticMapping.Mapping;
import com.google.gerrit.elasticsearch.builders.QueryBuilder;
import com.google.gerrit.elasticsearch.builders.SearchSourceBuilder;
import com.google.gerrit.elasticsearch.bulk.DeleteRequest;
import com.google.gerrit.entities.converter.ProtoConverter;
import com.google.gerrit.exceptions.StorageException;
import com.google.gerrit.index.FieldDef;
import com.google.gerrit.index.FieldType;
import com.google.gerrit.index.Index;
import com.google.gerrit.index.QueryOptions;
import com.google.gerrit.index.Schema;
import com.google.gerrit.index.query.DataSource;
import com.google.gerrit.index.query.FieldBundle;
import com.google.gerrit.index.query.HasCardinality;
import com.google.gerrit.index.query.ListResultSet;
import com.google.gerrit.index.query.Predicate;
import com.google.gerrit.index.query.QueryParseException;
import com.google.gerrit.index.query.ResultSet;
import com.google.gerrit.proto.Protos;
import com.google.gerrit.server.config.SitePaths;
import com.google.gerrit.server.index.IndexUtils;
import com.google.gerrit.server.index.options.AutoFlush;
import com.google.gerrit.server.logging.Metadata;
import com.google.gerrit.server.logging.TraceContext;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
import com.google.protobuf.MessageLite;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.function.Function;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.nio.entity.NStringEntity;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.elasticsearch.client.Request;
import org.elasticsearch.client.Response;

abstract class AbstractElasticIndex<K, V> implements Index<K, V> {
  private static final FluentLogger logger = FluentLogger.forEnclosingClass();

  protected static final String BULK = "_bulk";
  protected static final String MAPPINGS = "mappings";
  protected static final String ORDER = "order";
  protected static final String DESC_SORT_ORDER = "desc";
  protected static final String ASC_SORT_ORDER = "asc";
  protected static final String UNMAPPED_TYPE = "unmapped_type";
  protected static final String SEARCH = "_search";
  protected static final String SETTINGS = "settings";

  static byte[] decodeBase64(String base64String) {
    return BaseEncoding.base64().decode(base64String);
  }

  protected static <T> List<T> decodeProtos(
      JsonObject doc, String fieldName, ProtoConverter<?, T> converter) {
    JsonArray field = doc.getAsJsonArray(fieldName);
    if (field == null) {
      return null;
    }
    return Streams.stream(field)
        .map(JsonElement::getAsString)
        .map(AbstractElasticIndex::decodeBase64)
        .map(bytes -> parseProtoFrom(bytes, converter))
        .collect(toImmutableList());
  }

  protected static <P extends MessageLite, T> T parseProtoFrom(
      byte[] bytes, ProtoConverter<P, T> converter) {
    P message = Protos.parseUnchecked(converter.getParser(), bytes);
    return converter.fromProto(message);
  }

  static String getContent(Response response) throws IOException {
    HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
    String content = "";
    if (responseEntity != null) {
      InputStream contentStream = responseEntity.getContent();
      try (Reader reader = new InputStreamReader(contentStream, UTF_8)) {
        content = CharStreams.toString(reader);
      }
    }
    return content;
  }

  private final ElasticConfiguration config;
  private final Schema<V> schema;
  private final SitePaths sitePaths;
  private final String indexNameRaw;
  private final Map<String, String> refreshParam;

  protected final ElasticRestClientProvider client;
  protected final String indexName;
  protected final Gson gson;
  protected final ElasticQueryBuilder queryBuilder;

  AbstractElasticIndex(
      ElasticConfiguration config,
      SitePaths sitePaths,
      Schema<V> schema,
      ElasticRestClientProvider client,
      String indexName,
      AutoFlush autoFlush) {
    this.config = config;
    this.sitePaths = sitePaths;
    this.schema = schema;
    this.gson = new GsonBuilder().setFieldNamingPolicy(LOWER_CASE_WITH_UNDERSCORES).create();
    this.queryBuilder = new ElasticQueryBuilder();
    this.indexName = config.getIndexName(indexName, schema.getVersion());
    this.indexNameRaw = indexName;
    this.client = client;
    this.refreshParam =
        Map.of(
            "refresh",
            autoFlush == AutoFlush.ENABLED ? Boolean.TRUE.toString() : Boolean.FALSE.toString());
  }

  @Override
  public void insert(V obj) {
    replace(obj);
  }

  @Override
  public Schema<V> getSchema() {
    return schema;
  }

  @Override
  public void close() {
    // Do nothing. Client is closed by the provider.
  }

  @Override
  public void markReady(boolean ready) {
    IndexUtils.setReady(sitePaths, indexNameRaw, schema.getVersion(), ready);
  }

  @Override
  public void delete(K id) {
    String uri = getURI(BULK);
    Response response = postRequestWithRefreshParam(uri, getDeleteActions(id));
    int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
    if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      throw new StorageException(
          String.format("Failed to delete %s from index %s: %s", id, indexName, statusCode));
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void deleteAll() {
    // Delete the index, if it exists.
    String endpoint = indexName + client.adapter().indicesExistParams();
    Response response = performRequest("HEAD", endpoint);
    int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
    if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      response = performRequest("DELETE", indexName);
      statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
      if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
        throw new StorageException(
            String.format("Failed to delete index %s: %s", indexName, statusCode));
      }
    }

    // Recreate the index.
    String indexCreationFields = concatJsonString(getSettings(), getMappings());
    response = performRequest("PUT", indexName, indexCreationFields);
    statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
    if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      String error = String.format("Failed to create index %s: %s", indexName, statusCode);
      throw new StorageException(error);
    }
  }

  protected abstract String getDeleteActions(K id);

  protected abstract String getMappings();

  private String getSettings() {
    return gson.toJson(ImmutableMap.of(SETTINGS, ElasticSetting.createSetting(config)));
  }

  protected abstract String getId(V v);

  protected String getMappingsForSingleType(Mapping mapping) {
    return getMappingsFor(mapping);
  }

  protected String getMappingsFor(Mapping mapping) {
    JsonObject mappings = new JsonObject();

    mappings.add(MAPPINGS, gson.toJsonTree(mapping));
    return gson.toJson(mappings);
  }

  protected String getDeleteRequest(K id) {
    return new DeleteRequest(id.toString(), indexName).toString();
  }

  protected abstract V fromDocument(JsonObject doc, Set<String> fields);

  protected FieldBundle toFieldBundle(JsonObject doc) {
    Map<String, FieldDef<V, ?>> allFields = getSchema().getFields();
    ListMultimap<String, Object> rawFields = ArrayListMultimap.create();
    for (Map.Entry<String, JsonElement> element :
        doc.get(client.adapter().rawFieldsKey()).getAsJsonObject().entrySet()) {
      checkArgument(
          allFields.containsKey(element.getKey()), "Unrecognized field " + element.getKey());
      FieldType<?> type = allFields.get(element.getKey()).getType();
      Iterable<JsonElement> innerItems =
          element.getValue().isJsonArray()
              ? element.getValue().getAsJsonArray()
              : Collections.singleton(element.getValue());
      for (JsonElement inner : innerItems) {
        if (type == FieldType.EXACT || type == FieldType.FULL_TEXT || type == FieldType.PREFIX) {
          rawFields.put(element.getKey(), inner.getAsString());
        } else if (type == FieldType.INTEGER || type == FieldType.INTEGER_RANGE) {
          rawFields.put(element.getKey(), inner.getAsInt());
        } else if (type == FieldType.LONG) {
          rawFields.put(element.getKey(), inner.getAsLong());
        } else if (type == FieldType.TIMESTAMP) {
          rawFields.put(element.getKey(), new Timestamp(inner.getAsLong()));
        } else if (type == FieldType.STORED_ONLY) {
          rawFields.put(element.getKey(), decodeBase64(inner.getAsString()));
        } else {
          throw FieldType.badFieldType(type);
        }
      }
    }
    return new FieldBundle(rawFields);
  }

  protected boolean hasErrors(Response response) {
    try {
      ContentType contentType = ContentType.get(response.getEntity());
      Preconditions.checkState(
          contentType.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON.toString()),
          String.format("Expected %s, but was: %s", ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON, contentType));
      String responseStr = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
      JsonObject responseJson = (JsonObject) new JsonParser().parse(responseStr);
      boolean hasErrors = responseJson.get("errors").getAsBoolean();
      if (hasErrors) {
        logger.atSevere().log("Response with errors: %s", responseJson);
      }
      return hasErrors;
    } catch (IOException e) {
      throw new StorageException(e);
    }
  }

  protected String toAction(String type, String id, String action) {
    JsonObject properties = new JsonObject();
    properties.addProperty("_id", id);
    properties.addProperty("_index", indexName);
    properties.addProperty("_type", type);

    JsonObject jsonAction = new JsonObject();
    jsonAction.add(action, properties);
    return jsonAction.toString() + System.lineSeparator();
  }

  protected void addNamedElement(String name, JsonObject element, JsonArray array) {
    JsonObject arrayElement = new JsonObject();
    arrayElement.add(name, element);
    array.add(arrayElement);
  }

  protected String getSearch(SearchSourceBuilder searchSource, JsonArray sortArray) {
    JsonObject search = new JsonParser().parse(searchSource.toString()).getAsJsonObject();
    search.add("sort", sortArray);
    return gson.toJson(search);
  }

  protected JsonArray getSortArray(String idFieldName) {
    JsonObject properties = new JsonObject();
    properties.addProperty(ORDER, ASC_SORT_ORDER);

    JsonArray sortArray = new JsonArray();
    addNamedElement(idFieldName, properties, sortArray);
    return sortArray;
  }

  protected String getURI(String request) {
    try {
      return URLEncoder.encode(indexName, UTF_8.toString()) + "/" + request;
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
      throw new StorageException(e);
    }
  }

  protected Response postRequestWithRefreshParam(String uri, Object payload) {
    return performRequest("POST", uri, payload, refreshParam);
  }

  private String concatJsonString(String target, String addition) {
    return target.substring(0, target.length() - 1) + "," + addition.substring(1);
  }

  private Response performRequest(String method, String uri) {
    return performRequest(method, uri, null);
  }

  private Response performRequest(String method, String uri, @Nullable Object payload) {
    return performRequest(method, uri, payload, Collections.emptyMap());
  }

  private Response performRequest(
      String method, String uri, @Nullable Object payload, Map<String, String> params) {
    Request request = new Request(method, uri.startsWith("/") ? uri : "/" + uri);
    if (payload != null) {
      String payloadStr = payload instanceof String ? (String) payload : payload.toString();
      request.setEntity(new NStringEntity(payloadStr, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON));
    }
    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
      request.addParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
    }
    try (TraceContext.TraceTimer traceTimer =
        TraceContext.newTimer(
            "Elasticsearch perform request",
            Metadata.builder()
                .indexName(indexName)
                .operationName(
                    String.format(
                        "method:%s uri:%s payload:%s params:%s", method, uri, payload, params))
                .build())) {
      return client.get().performRequest(request);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      throw new StorageException(e);
    }
  }

  protected class ElasticQuerySource implements DataSource<V> {
    private final QueryOptions opts;
    private final Predicate<V> predicate;
    private final String search;

    ElasticQuerySource(Predicate<V> p, QueryOptions opts, JsonArray sortArray)
        throws QueryParseException {
      this.opts = opts;
      this.predicate = p;
      QueryBuilder qb = queryBuilder.toQueryBuilder(p);
      SearchSourceBuilder searchSource =
          new SearchSourceBuilder(client.adapter())
              .query(qb)
              .size(opts.pageSize())
              .fields(Lists.newArrayList(opts.fields()))
              .trackTotalHits(false);
      searchSource =
          opts.searchAfter() != null
              ? searchSource.searchAfter((JsonArray) opts.searchAfter())
              : searchSource.from(opts.start());
      search = getSearch(searchSource, sortArray);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCardinality() {
      if (predicate instanceof HasCardinality) {
        return ((HasCardinality) predicate).getCardinality();
      }
      return 10;
    }

    @Override
    public ResultSet<V> read() {
      return readImpl(doc -> AbstractElasticIndex.this.fromDocument(doc, opts.fields()));
    }

    @Override
    public ResultSet<FieldBundle> readRaw() {
      return readImpl(AbstractElasticIndex.this::toFieldBundle);
    }

    private <T> ResultSet<T> readImpl(Function<JsonObject, T> mapper) {
      try {
        String uri = getURI(SEARCH);
        JsonArray searchAfter = null;
        Response response =
            performRequest(HttpPost.METHOD_NAME, uri, search, Collections.emptyMap());
        StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
        if (statusLine.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
          String content = getContent(response);
          JsonObject obj =
              new JsonParser().parse(content).getAsJsonObject().getAsJsonObject("hits");
          if (obj.get("hits") != null) {
            JsonArray json = obj.getAsJsonArray("hits");
            ImmutableList.Builder<T> results = ImmutableList.builderWithExpectedSize(json.size());
            JsonObject hit = null;
            for (int i = 0; i < json.size(); i++) {
              hit = json.get(i).getAsJsonObject();
              T mapperResult = mapper.apply(hit);
              if (mapperResult != null) {
                results.add(mapperResult);
              }
            }
            if (hit != null && hit.get("sort") != null) {
              searchAfter = hit.getAsJsonArray("sort");
            }
            JsonArray finalSearchAfter = searchAfter;
            return new ListResultSet<T>(results.build()) {
              @Override
              public Object searchAfter() {
                return finalSearchAfter;
              }
            };
          }
        } else {
          logger.atSevere().log("%s", statusLine.getReasonPhrase());
        }
        return new ListResultSet<>(ImmutableList.of());
      } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new StorageException(e);
      }
    }
  }
}