diff --git a/project.py b/project.py
index 2b57a5f..0da2118 100644
--- a/project.py
+++ b/project.py
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 import tarfile
 import tempfile
 import time
+from typing import NamedTuple
 import urllib.parse
 
 from color import Coloring
@@ -45,6 +46,14 @@
 from git_refs import GitRefs, HEAD, R_HEADS, R_TAGS, R_PUB, R_M, R_WORKTREE_M
 
 
+class SyncNetworkHalfResult(NamedTuple):
+  """Sync_NetworkHalf return value."""
+  # True if successful.
+  success: bool
+  # Did we query the remote? False when optimized_fetch is True and we have the
+  # commit already present.
+  remote_fetched: bool
+
 # Maximum sleep time allowed during retries.
 MAXIMUM_RETRY_SLEEP_SEC = 3600.0
 # +-10% random jitter is added to each Fetches retry sleep duration.
@@ -1133,7 +1142,7 @@
     if archive and not isinstance(self, MetaProject):
       if self.remote.url.startswith(('http://', 'https://')):
         _error("%s: Cannot fetch archives from http/https remotes.", self.name)
-        return False
+        return SyncNetworkHalfResult(False, False)
 
       name = self.relpath.replace('\\', '/')
       name = name.replace('/', '_')
@@ -1144,19 +1153,19 @@
         self._FetchArchive(tarpath, cwd=topdir)
       except GitError as e:
         _error('%s', e)
-        return False
+        return SyncNetworkHalfResult(False, False)
 
       # From now on, we only need absolute tarpath
       tarpath = os.path.join(topdir, tarpath)
 
       if not self._ExtractArchive(tarpath, path=topdir):
-        return False
+        return SyncNetworkHalfResult(False, True)
       try:
         platform_utils.remove(tarpath)
       except OSError as e:
         _warn("Cannot remove archive %s: %s", tarpath, str(e))
       self._CopyAndLinkFiles()
-      return True
+      return SyncNetworkHalfResult(True, True)
 
     # If the shared object dir already exists, don't try to rebootstrap with a
     # clone bundle download.  We should have the majority of objects already.
@@ -1220,9 +1229,11 @@
       depth = self.manifest.manifestProject.depth
 
     # See if we can skip the network fetch entirely.
+    remote_fetched = False
     if not (optimized_fetch and
             (ID_RE.match(self.revisionExpr) and
              self._CheckForImmutableRevision())):
+      remote_fetched = True
       if not self._RemoteFetch(
               initial=is_new,
               quiet=quiet, verbose=verbose, output_redir=output_redir,
@@ -1231,7 +1242,7 @@
               submodules=submodules, force_sync=force_sync,
               ssh_proxy=ssh_proxy,
               clone_filter=clone_filter, retry_fetches=retry_fetches):
-        return False
+        return SyncNetworkHalfResult(False, remote_fetched)
 
     mp = self.manifest.manifestProject
     dissociate = mp.dissociate
@@ -1244,7 +1255,7 @@
         if p.stdout and output_redir:
           output_redir.write(p.stdout)
         if p.Wait() != 0:
-          return False
+          return SyncNetworkHalfResult(False, remote_fetched)
         platform_utils.remove(alternates_file)
 
     if self.worktree:
@@ -1253,7 +1264,7 @@
       self._InitMirrorHead()
       platform_utils.remove(os.path.join(self.gitdir, 'FETCH_HEAD'),
                             missing_ok=True)
-    return True
+    return SyncNetworkHalfResult(True, remote_fetched)
 
   def PostRepoUpgrade(self):
     self._InitHooks()
@@ -3836,7 +3847,7 @@
           is_new=is_new, quiet=not verbose, verbose=verbose,
           clone_bundle=clone_bundle, current_branch_only=current_branch_only,
           tags=tags, submodules=submodules, clone_filter=clone_filter,
-          partial_clone_exclude=self.manifest.PartialCloneExclude):
+          partial_clone_exclude=self.manifest.PartialCloneExclude).success:
         r = self.GetRemote()
         print('fatal: cannot obtain manifest %s' % r.url, file=sys.stderr)
 
diff --git a/subcmds/selfupdate.py b/subcmds/selfupdate.py
index 282f518..898bc3f 100644
--- a/subcmds/selfupdate.py
+++ b/subcmds/selfupdate.py
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
       _PostRepoUpgrade(self.manifest)
 
     else:
-      if not rp.Sync_NetworkHalf():
+      if not rp.Sync_NetworkHalf().success:
         print("error: can't update repo", file=sys.stderr)
         sys.exit(1)
 
diff --git a/subcmds/sync.py b/subcmds/sync.py
index 9e9c8f0..1c49b46 100644
--- a/subcmds/sync.py
+++ b/subcmds/sync.py
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 import sys
 import tempfile
 import time
+from typing import NamedTuple
 import urllib.error
 import urllib.parse
 import urllib.request
@@ -71,6 +72,58 @@
 _BACKUP_OBJECTS = os.environ.get(REPO_BACKUP_OBJECTS) != '0'
 
 
+class _FetchOneResult(NamedTuple):
+  """_FetchOne return value.
+
+  Attributes:
+    success (bool): True if successful.
+    project (Project): The fetched project.
+    start (float): The starting time.time().
+    finish (float): The ending time.time().
+    remote_fetched (bool): True if the remote was actually queried.
+  """
+  success: bool
+  project: Project
+  start: float
+  finish: float
+  remote_fetched: bool
+
+
+class _FetchResult(NamedTuple):
+  """_Fetch return value.
+
+  Attributes:
+    success (bool): True if successful.
+    projects (set[str]): The names of the git directories of fetched projects.
+  """
+  success: bool
+  projects: set[str]
+
+
+class _FetchMainResult(NamedTuple):
+  """_FetchMain return value.
+
+  Attributes:
+    all_projects (list[Project]): The fetched projects.
+  """
+  all_projects: list[Project]
+
+
+class _CheckoutOneResult(NamedTuple):
+  """_CheckoutOne return value.
+
+  Attributes:
+    success (bool): True if successful.
+    project (Project): The project.
+    start (float): The starting time.time().
+    finish (float): The ending time.time().
+  """
+  success: bool
+  project: Project
+  start: float
+  finish: float
+
+
 class Sync(Command, MirrorSafeCommand):
   COMMON = True
   MULTI_MANIFEST_SUPPORT = True
@@ -412,7 +465,7 @@
     success = False
     buf = io.StringIO()
     try:
-      success = project.Sync_NetworkHalf(
+      sync_result = project.Sync_NetworkHalf(
           quiet=opt.quiet,
           verbose=opt.verbose,
           output_redir=buf,
@@ -426,6 +479,7 @@
           ssh_proxy=self.ssh_proxy,
           clone_filter=project.manifest.CloneFilter,
           partial_clone_exclude=project.manifest.PartialCloneExclude)
+      success = sync_result.success
 
       output = buf.getvalue()
       if (opt.verbose or not success) and output:
@@ -443,7 +497,8 @@
       raise
 
     finish = time.time()
-    return (success, project, start, finish)
+    return _FetchOneResult(success, project, start, finish,
+                           sync_result.remote_fetched)
 
   @classmethod
   def _FetchInitChild(cls, ssh_proxy):
@@ -454,6 +509,7 @@
 
     jobs = opt.jobs_network
     fetched = set()
+    remote_fetched = set()
     pm = Progress('Fetching', len(projects), delay=False, quiet=opt.quiet)
 
     objdir_project_map = dict()
@@ -464,10 +520,16 @@
     def _ProcessResults(results_sets):
       ret = True
       for results in results_sets:
-        for (success, project, start, finish) in results:
+        for result in results:
+          success = result.success
+          project = result.project
+          start = result.start
+          finish = result.finish
           self._fetch_times.Set(project, finish - start)
           self.event_log.AddSync(project, event_log.TASK_SYNC_NETWORK,
                                  start, finish, success)
+          if result.remote_fetched:
+            remote_fetched.add(project)
           # Check for any errors before running any more tasks.
           # ...we'll let existing jobs finish, though.
           if not success:
@@ -525,7 +587,7 @@
     if not self.outer_client.manifest.IsArchive:
       self._GCProjects(projects, opt, err_event)
 
-    return (ret, fetched)
+    return _FetchResult(ret, fetched)
 
   def _FetchMain(self, opt, args, all_projects, err_event,
                  ssh_proxy, manifest):
@@ -551,7 +613,9 @@
     to_fetch.extend(all_projects)
     to_fetch.sort(key=self._fetch_times.Get, reverse=True)
 
-    success, fetched = self._Fetch(to_fetch, opt, err_event, ssh_proxy)
+    result = self._Fetch(to_fetch, opt, err_event, ssh_proxy)
+    success = result.success
+    fetched = result.projects
     if not success:
       err_event.set()
 
@@ -561,7 +625,7 @@
       if err_event.is_set():
         print('\nerror: Exited sync due to fetch errors.\n', file=sys.stderr)
         sys.exit(1)
-      return
+      return _FetchMainResult([])
 
     # Iteratively fetch missing and/or nested unregistered submodules
     previously_missing_set = set()
@@ -584,12 +648,14 @@
       if previously_missing_set == missing_set:
         break
       previously_missing_set = missing_set
-      success, new_fetched = self._Fetch(missing, opt, err_event, ssh_proxy)
+      result = self._Fetch(missing, opt, err_event, ssh_proxy)
+      success = result.success
+      new_fetched = result.projects
       if not success:
         err_event.set()
       fetched.update(new_fetched)
 
-    return all_projects
+    return _FetchMainResult(all_projects)
 
   def _CheckoutOne(self, detach_head, force_sync, project):
     """Checkout work tree for one project
@@ -621,7 +687,7 @@
     if not success:
       print('error: Cannot checkout %s' % (project.name), file=sys.stderr)
     finish = time.time()
-    return (success, project, start, finish)
+    return _CheckoutOneResult(success, project, start, finish)
 
   def _Checkout(self, all_projects, opt, err_results):
     """Checkout projects listed in all_projects
@@ -636,7 +702,11 @@
 
     def _ProcessResults(pool, pm, results):
       ret = True
-      for (success, project, start, finish) in results:
+      for result in results:
+        success = result.success
+        project = result.project
+        start = result.start
+        finish = result.finish
         self.event_log.AddSync(project, event_log.TASK_SYNC_LOCAL,
                                start, finish, success)
         # Check for any errors before running any more tasks.
@@ -1208,8 +1278,9 @@
         with ssh.ProxyManager(manager) as ssh_proxy:
           # Initialize the socket dir once in the parent.
           ssh_proxy.sock()
-          all_projects = self._FetchMain(opt, args, all_projects, err_event,
-                                         ssh_proxy, manifest)
+          result = self._FetchMain(opt, args, all_projects, err_event,
+                                   ssh_proxy, manifest)
+          all_projects = result.all_projects
 
       if opt.network_only:
         return