// Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package com.google.gerrit.server.git;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import static org.eclipse.jgit.revwalk.RevFlag.UNINTERESTING;

import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
import com.google.common.collect.ListMultimap;
import com.google.common.collect.MultimapBuilder;
import com.google.common.collect.SetMultimap;
import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
import com.google.common.collect.SortedSetMultimap;
import com.google.common.flogger.FluentLogger;
import com.google.gerrit.entities.PatchSet;
import com.google.gerrit.entities.Project;
import com.google.gerrit.entities.RefNames;
import com.google.gerrit.server.PatchSetUtil;
import com.google.gerrit.server.change.RevisionResource;
import com.google.gerrit.server.git.receive.ReceivePackRefCache;
import com.google.gerrit.server.notedb.ChangeNotes;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Deque;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectId;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Ref;
import org.eclipse.jgit.revwalk.RevCommit;

/**
 * Helper for assigning groups to commits during {@code ReceiveCommits}.
 *
 * <p>For each commit encountered along a walk between the branch tip and the tip of the push, the
 * group of a commit is defined as follows:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>If the commit is an existing patch set of a change, the group is read from the group field
 *       in the corresponding {@link PatchSet} record.
 *   <li>If all of a commit's parents are merged into the branch, then its group is its own SHA-1.
 *   <li>If the commit has a single parent that is not yet merged into the branch, then its group is
 *       the same as the parent's group.
 *   <li>
 *   <li>For a merge commit, choose a parent and use that parent's group. If one of the parents has
 *       a group from a patch set, use that group, otherwise, use the group from the first parent.
 *       In addition to setting this merge commit's group, use the chosen group for all commits that
 *       would otherwise use a group from the parents that were not chosen.
 *   <li>If a merge commit has multiple parents whose group comes from separate patch sets,
 *       concatenate the groups from those parents together. This indicates two side branches were
 *       pushed separately, followed by the merge.
 *   <li>
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>Callers must call {@link #visit(RevCommit)} on all commits between the current branch tip and
 * the tip of a push, in reverse topo order (parents before children). Once all commits have been
 * visited, call {@link #getGroups()} for the result.
 */
public class GroupCollector {
  private static final FluentLogger logger = FluentLogger.forEnclosingClass();

  public static List<String> getDefaultGroups(ObjectId commit) {
    return ImmutableList.of(commit.name());
  }

  public static List<String> getGroups(RevisionResource rsrc) {
    if (rsrc.getEdit().isPresent()) {
      // Groups for an edit are just the base revision's groups, since they have
      // the same parent.
      return rsrc.getEdit().get().getBasePatchSet().groups();
    }
    return rsrc.getPatchSet().groups();
  }

  interface Lookup {
    List<String> lookup(PatchSet.Id psId);
  }

  private final ReceivePackRefCache receivePackRefCache;
  private final ListMultimap<ObjectId, String> groups;
  private final SetMultimap<String, String> groupAliases;
  private final Lookup groupLookup;

  private boolean done;

  /**
   * Returns a new {@link GroupCollector} instance.
   *
   * @see GroupCollector for what this class does.
   */
  public static GroupCollector create(
      ReceivePackRefCache receivePackRefCache,
      PatchSetUtil psUtil,
      ChangeNotes.Factory notesFactory,
      Project.NameKey project) {
    return new GroupCollector(
        receivePackRefCache,
        psId -> {
          // TODO(dborowitz): Reuse open repository from caller.
          ChangeNotes notes = notesFactory.createChecked(project, psId.changeId());
          PatchSet ps = psUtil.get(notes, psId);
          return ps != null ? ps.groups() : null;
        });
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new {@link GroupCollector} instance.
   *
   * <p>Used in production code by using {@link com.google.gerrit.server.notedb.ChangeNotes.Factory}
   * to get a group SHA1 (40 bytes string representation) from a {@link
   * com.google.gerrit.entities.PatchSet.Id}. Unit tests use this method directly by passing their
   * own lookup function.
   *
   * @see GroupCollector for what this class does.
   */
  @VisibleForTesting
  GroupCollector(ReceivePackRefCache receivePackRefCache, Lookup groupLookup) {
    this.receivePackRefCache = receivePackRefCache;
    this.groupLookup = groupLookup;
    groups = MultimapBuilder.hashKeys().arrayListValues().build();
    groupAliases = MultimapBuilder.hashKeys().hashSetValues().build();
  }

  /**
   * Process the given {@link RevCommit}. Callers must call {@link #visit(RevCommit)} on all commits
   * between the current branch tip and the tip of a push, in reverse topo order (parents before
   * children). Once all commits have been visited, call {@link #getGroups()} for the result.
   *
   * @see GroupCollector for what this class does.
   */
  public void visit(RevCommit c) throws IOException {
    checkState(!done, "visit() called after getGroups()");
    Set<RevCommit> interestingParents = getInterestingParents(c);

    if (interestingParents.isEmpty()) {
      // All parents are uninteresting: treat this commit as the root of a new
      // group of related changes.
      groups.put(c, c.name());
      return;
    } else if (interestingParents.size() == 1) {
      // Only one parent is new in this push. If it is the only parent, just use
      // that parent's group. If there are multiple parents, perhaps this commit
      // is a merge of a side branch. This commit belongs in that parent's group
      // in that case.
      groups.putAll(c, groups.get(interestingParents.iterator().next()));
      return;
    }

    // Multiple parents, merging at least two branches containing new commits in
    // this push.
    Set<String> thisCommitGroups = new TreeSet<>();
    Set<String> parentGroupsNewInThisPush =
        Sets.newLinkedHashSetWithExpectedSize(interestingParents.size());
    for (RevCommit p : interestingParents) {
      Collection<String> parentGroups = groups.get(p);
      if (parentGroups.isEmpty()) {
        throw new IllegalStateException(
            String.format("no group assigned to parent %s of commit %s", p.name(), c.name()));
      }

      for (String parentGroup : parentGroups) {
        if (isGroupFromExistingPatchSet(p, parentGroup)) {
          // This parent's group is from an existing patch set, i.e. the parent
          // not new in this push. Use this group for the commit.
          thisCommitGroups.add(parentGroup);
        } else {
          // This parent's group is new in this push.
          parentGroupsNewInThisPush.add(parentGroup);
        }
      }
    }

    Iterable<String> toAlias;
    if (thisCommitGroups.isEmpty()) {
      // All parent groups were new in this push. Pick the first one and alias
      // other parents' groups to this first parent.
      String firstParentGroup = parentGroupsNewInThisPush.iterator().next();
      thisCommitGroups = ImmutableSet.of(firstParentGroup);
      toAlias = Iterables.skip(parentGroupsNewInThisPush, 1);
    } else {
      // For each parent group that was new in this push, alias it to the actual
      // computed group(s) for this commit.
      toAlias = parentGroupsNewInThisPush;
    }
    groups.putAll(c, thisCommitGroups);
    for (String pg : toAlias) {
      groupAliases.putAll(pg, thisCommitGroups);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns the groups that got collected from visiting commits using {@link #visit(RevCommit)}.
   */
  public SortedSetMultimap<ObjectId, String> getGroups() throws IOException {
    done = true;
    SortedSetMultimap<ObjectId, String> result =
        MultimapBuilder.hashKeys(groups.keySet().size()).treeSetValues().build();
    for (Map.Entry<ObjectId, Collection<String>> e : groups.asMap().entrySet()) {
      ObjectId id = e.getKey();
      result.putAll(id.copy(), resolveGroups(id, e.getValue()));
    }
    return result;
  }

  private Set<RevCommit> getInterestingParents(RevCommit commit) {
    Set<RevCommit> result = Sets.newLinkedHashSetWithExpectedSize(commit.getParentCount());
    for (RevCommit p : commit.getParents()) {
      if (!p.has(UNINTERESTING)) {
        result.add(p);
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  private boolean isGroupFromExistingPatchSet(RevCommit commit, String group) throws IOException {
    ObjectId id = parseGroup(commit, group);
    return id != null && !receivePackRefCache.tipsFromObjectId(id, RefNames.REFS_CHANGES).isEmpty();
  }

  private Set<String> resolveGroups(ObjectId forCommit, Collection<String> candidates)
      throws IOException {
    Set<String> actual = Sets.newTreeSet();
    Set<String> done = Sets.newHashSetWithExpectedSize(candidates.size());
    Set<String> seen = Sets.newHashSetWithExpectedSize(candidates.size());
    Deque<String> todo = new ArrayDeque<>(candidates);
    // BFS through all aliases to find groups that are not aliased to anything
    // else.
    while (!todo.isEmpty()) {
      String g = todo.removeFirst();
      if (!seen.add(g)) {
        continue;
      }
      Set<String> aliases = groupAliases.get(g);
      if (aliases.isEmpty()) {
        if (!done.contains(g)) {
          Iterables.addAll(actual, resolveGroup(forCommit, g));
          done.add(g);
        }
      } else {
        todo.addAll(aliases);
      }
    }
    return actual;
  }

  private ObjectId parseGroup(ObjectId forCommit, String group) {
    try {
      return ObjectId.fromString(group);
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
      // Shouldn't happen; some sort of corruption or manual tinkering?
      logger.atWarning().log("group for commit %s is not a SHA-1: %s", forCommit.name(), group);
      return null;
    }
  }

  private Iterable<String> resolveGroup(ObjectId forCommit, String group) throws IOException {
    ObjectId id = parseGroup(forCommit, group);
    if (id != null) {
      Ref ref =
          Iterables.getFirst(receivePackRefCache.tipsFromObjectId(id, RefNames.REFS_CHANGES), null);
      if (ref != null) {
        PatchSet.Id psId = PatchSet.Id.fromRef(ref.getName());
        if (psId != null) {
          List<String> groups = groupLookup.lookup(psId);
          // Group for existing patch set may be missing, e.g. if group has not
          // been migrated yet.
          if (groups != null && !groups.isEmpty()) {
            return groups;
          }
        }
      }
    }
    return ImmutableList.of(group);
  }
}