diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/ChangeNotes.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/ChangeNotes.java
index 37de143..acb6572 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/ChangeNotes.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/ChangeNotes.java
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.server.ReviewerSet;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.ReviewerStatusUpdate;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.git.RefCache;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.notedb.NoteDbChangeState.PrimaryStorage;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.NoSuchChangeException;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.ProjectCache;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
@@ -113,7 +112,7 @@
         throws OrmException {
       // Prepopulate the change exists with proper noteDbState field.
       Change change = newChange(project, changeId);
-      return new ChangeNotes(args, change).load();
+      return new ChangeNotes(args, change, true, null).load();
     }
 
     public ChangeNotes createChecked(Change.Id changeId) throws OrmException {
@@ -139,7 +138,7 @@
 
     public ChangeNotes create(Project.NameKey project, Change.Id changeId) throws OrmException {
       checkArgument(project != null, "project is required");
-      return new ChangeNotes(args, newChange(project, changeId)).load();
+      return new ChangeNotes(args, newChange(project, changeId), true, null).load();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -150,7 +149,7 @@
      * @return change notes
      */
     public ChangeNotes createFromIndexedChange(Change change) {
-      return new ChangeNotes(args, change);
+      return new ChangeNotes(args, change, true, null);
     }
 
     public ChangeNotes createForBatchUpdate(Change change, boolean shouldExist)
@@ -232,7 +231,7 @@
 
     @Nullable
     private ChangeNotesResult toResult(Change rawChangeFromNoteDb) {
-      ChangeNotes n = new ChangeNotes(args, rawChangeFromNoteDb);
+      ChangeNotes n = new ChangeNotes(args, rawChangeFromNoteDb, true, null);
       try {
         n.load();
       } catch (OrmException e) {
@@ -319,11 +318,7 @@
   private ImmutableSet<Comment.Key> commentKeys;
 
   @VisibleForTesting
-  public ChangeNotes(Args args, Change change) {
-    this(args, change, true, null);
-  }
-
-  private ChangeNotes(Args args, Change change, boolean shouldExist, @Nullable RefCache refs) {
+  public ChangeNotes(Args args, Change change, boolean shouldExist, @Nullable RefCache refs) {
     super(args, change.getId());
     this.change = new Change(change);
     this.shouldExist = shouldExist;
@@ -515,10 +510,7 @@
   protected void onLoad(LoadHandle handle) throws NoSuchChangeException, IOException {
     ObjectId rev = handle.id();
     if (rev == null) {
-      // TODO(ekempin): Remove the primary storage check. At the moment it is still needed for the
-      // ChangeNotesParserTest which still runs with ReviewDb changes (see TODO in
-      // TestUpdate#newChange).
-      if (PrimaryStorage.of(change) == PrimaryStorage.NOTE_DB && shouldExist) {
+      if (shouldExist) {
         throw new NoSuchChangeException(getChangeId());
       }
       loadDefaults();
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/testing/TestChanges.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/testing/TestChanges.java
index fe4f3e7..a14ca2d 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/testing/TestChanges.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/testing/TestChanges.java
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@
 
   public static Change newChange(Project.NameKey project, Account.Id userId, int id) {
     Change.Id changeId = new Change.Id(id);
-    // TODO(ekempin): Create NoteDb change.
     Change c =
         new Change(
             new Change.Key("Iabcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234"),
@@ -77,8 +76,8 @@
     return ps;
   }
 
-  public static ChangeUpdate newUpdate(Injector injector, Change c, CurrentUser user)
-      throws Exception {
+  public static ChangeUpdate newUpdate(
+      Injector injector, Change c, CurrentUser user, boolean shouldExist) throws Exception {
     injector =
         injector.createChildInjector(
             new FactoryModule() {
@@ -91,7 +90,9 @@
         injector
             .getInstance(ChangeUpdate.Factory.class)
             .create(
-                new ChangeNotes(injector.getInstance(AbstractChangeNotes.Args.class), c).load(),
+                new ChangeNotes(
+                        injector.getInstance(AbstractChangeNotes.Args.class), c, shouldExist, null)
+                    .load(),
                 user,
                 TimeUtil.nowTs(),
                 Ordering.<String>natural());
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/AbstractChangeNotesTest.java b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/AbstractChangeNotesTest.java
index 138635e..bc35352 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/AbstractChangeNotesTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/AbstractChangeNotesTest.java
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@
 
   protected Change newChange(boolean workInProgress) throws Exception {
     Change c = TestChanges.newChange(project, changeOwner.getAccountId());
-    ChangeUpdate u = newUpdate(c, changeOwner);
+    ChangeUpdate u = newUpdateForNewChange(c, changeOwner);
     u.setChangeId(c.getKey().get());
     u.setBranch(c.getDest().get());
     u.setWorkInProgress(workInProgress);
@@ -208,15 +208,24 @@
     return newChange(false);
   }
 
+  protected ChangeUpdate newUpdateForNewChange(Change c, CurrentUser user) throws Exception {
+    return newUpdate(c, user, false);
+  }
+
   protected ChangeUpdate newUpdate(Change c, CurrentUser user) throws Exception {
-    ChangeUpdate update = TestChanges.newUpdate(injector, c, user);
+    return newUpdate(c, user, true);
+  }
+
+  protected ChangeUpdate newUpdate(Change c, CurrentUser user, boolean shouldExist)
+      throws Exception {
+    ChangeUpdate update = TestChanges.newUpdate(injector, c, user, shouldExist);
     update.setPatchSetId(c.currentPatchSetId());
     update.setAllowWriteToNewRef(true);
     return update;
   }
 
   protected ChangeNotes newNotes(Change c) throws OrmException {
-    return new ChangeNotes(args, c).load();
+    return new ChangeNotes(args, c, true, null).load();
   }
 
   protected static SubmitRecord submitRecord(
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/ChangeNotesTest.java b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/ChangeNotesTest.java
index e274cdf..033fb12 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/ChangeNotesTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/ChangeNotesTest.java
@@ -956,7 +956,7 @@
     Change c = TestChanges.newChange(project, changeOwner.getAccountId());
     String trimmedSubj = c.getSubject();
     c.setCurrentPatchSet(c.currentPatchSetId(), "  " + trimmedSubj, c.getOriginalSubject());
-    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdate(c, changeOwner);
+    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdateForNewChange(c, changeOwner);
     update.setChangeId(c.getKey().get());
     update.setBranch(c.getDest().get());
     update.commit();
@@ -968,7 +968,7 @@
 
     c = TestChanges.newChange(project, changeOwner.getAccountId());
     c.setCurrentPatchSet(c.currentPatchSetId(), tabSubj, c.getOriginalSubject());
-    update = newUpdate(c, changeOwner);
+    update = newUpdateForNewChange(c, changeOwner);
     update.setChangeId(c.getKey().get());
     update.setBranch(c.getDest().get());
     update.commit();
@@ -3067,7 +3067,7 @@
   public void setRevertOfPersistsValue() throws Exception {
     Change changeToRevert = newChange();
     Change c = TestChanges.newChange(project, changeOwner.getAccountId());
-    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdate(c, changeOwner);
+    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdateForNewChange(c, changeOwner);
     update.setChangeId(c.getKey().get());
     update.setRevertOf(changeToRevert.getId().get());
     update.commit();
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/CommitMessageOutputTest.java b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/CommitMessageOutputTest.java
index 1b50431..5552572 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/CommitMessageOutputTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/server/notedb/CommitMessageOutputTest.java
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
   @Test
   public void approvalsCommitFormatSimple() throws Exception {
     Change c = TestChanges.newChange(project, changeOwner.getAccountId(), 1);
-    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdate(c, changeOwner);
+    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdateForNewChange(c, changeOwner);
     update.putApproval("Verified", (short) 1);
     update.putApproval("Code-Review", (short) -1);
     update.putReviewer(changeOwner.getAccount().getId(), REVIEWER);
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
   @Test
   public void changeMessageCommitFormatSimple() throws Exception {
     Change c = TestChanges.newChange(project, changeOwner.getAccountId(), 1);
-    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdate(c, changeOwner);
+    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdateForNewChange(c, changeOwner);
     update.setChangeMessage("Just a little code change.\nHow about a new line");
     update.commit();
     assertThat(update.getRefName()).isEqualTo("refs/changes/01/1/meta");
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
   @Test
   public void changeWithRevision() throws Exception {
     Change c = TestChanges.newChange(project, changeOwner.getAccountId(), 1);
-    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdate(c, changeOwner);
+    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdateForNewChange(c, changeOwner);
     update.setChangeMessage("Foo");
     RevCommit commit = tr.commit().message("Subject").create();
     update.setCommit(rw, commit);
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@
   public void leadingWhitespace() throws Exception {
     Change c = TestChanges.newChange(project, changeOwner.getAccountId());
     c.setCurrentPatchSet(c.currentPatchSetId(), "  " + c.getSubject(), c.getOriginalSubject());
-    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdate(c, changeOwner);
+    ChangeUpdate update = newUpdateForNewChange(c, changeOwner);
     update.setChangeId(c.getKey().get());
     update.setBranch(c.getDest().get());
     update.commit();
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@
 
     c = TestChanges.newChange(project, changeOwner.getAccountId());
     c.setCurrentPatchSet(c.currentPatchSetId(), "\t\t" + c.getSubject(), c.getOriginalSubject());
-    update = newUpdate(c, changeOwner);
+    update = newUpdateForNewChange(c, changeOwner);
     update.setChangeId(c.getKey().get());
     update.setBranch(c.getDest().get());
     update.commit();