diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/project/SubmitRuleEvaluator.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/project/SubmitRuleEvaluator.java
index 5879430..96eff88 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/project/SubmitRuleEvaluator.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/project/SubmitRuleEvaluator.java
@@ -112,17 +112,14 @@
     // We evaluate all the plugin-defined evaluators,
     // and then we collect the results in one list.
     return Streams.stream(submitRules)
-        .map(c -> c.call(s -> s.evaluate(cd, opts)))
+        .map(c -> c.call(s -> s.evaluate(cd)))
         .flatMap(Collection::stream)
         .collect(Collectors.toList());
   }
 
   private List<SubmitRecord> ruleError(String err, Exception e) {
-    if (opts.logErrors()) {
-      logger.atSevere().withCause(e).log(err);
-      return defaultRuleError();
-    }
-    return createRuleError(err);
+    logger.atSevere().withCause(e).log(err);
+    return defaultRuleError();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -142,14 +139,11 @@
       return typeError("Error looking up change " + cd.getId(), e);
     }
 
-    return prologRule.getSubmitType(cd, opts);
+    return prologRule.getSubmitType(cd);
   }
 
   private SubmitTypeRecord typeError(String err, Exception e) {
-    if (opts.logErrors()) {
-      logger.atSevere().withCause(e).log(err);
-      return defaultTypeError();
-    }
-    return SubmitTypeRecord.error(err);
+    logger.atSevere().withCause(e).log(err);
+    return defaultTypeError();
   }
 }
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/project/SubmitRuleOptions.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/project/SubmitRuleOptions.java
index a4340b2..ad077c0 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/project/SubmitRuleOptions.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/project/SubmitRuleOptions.java
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 package com.google.gerrit.server.project;
 
 import com.google.auto.value.AutoValue;
-import com.google.gerrit.common.Nullable;
 
 /**
  * Stable identifier for options passed to a particular submit rule evaluator.
@@ -26,12 +25,7 @@
 @AutoValue
 public abstract class SubmitRuleOptions {
   private static final SubmitRuleOptions defaults =
-      new AutoValue_SubmitRuleOptions.Builder()
-          .allowClosed(false)
-          .skipFilters(false)
-          .logErrors(true)
-          .rule(null)
-          .build();
+      new AutoValue_SubmitRuleOptions.Builder().allowClosed(false).build();
 
   public static SubmitRuleOptions defaults() {
     return defaults;
@@ -43,25 +37,12 @@
 
   public abstract boolean allowClosed();
 
-  public abstract boolean skipFilters();
-
-  public abstract boolean logErrors();
-
-  @Nullable
-  public abstract String rule();
-
   public abstract Builder toBuilder();
 
   @AutoValue.Builder
   public abstract static class Builder {
     public abstract SubmitRuleOptions.Builder allowClosed(boolean allowClosed);
 
-    public abstract SubmitRuleOptions.Builder skipFilters(boolean skipFilters);
-
-    public abstract SubmitRuleOptions.Builder rule(@Nullable String rule);
-
-    public abstract SubmitRuleOptions.Builder logErrors(boolean logErrors);
-
     public abstract SubmitRuleOptions build();
   }
 }
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/restapi/change/TestSubmitRule.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/restapi/change/TestSubmitRule.java
index 1a8f0fa..d5ed9a4 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/restapi/change/TestSubmitRule.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/restapi/change/TestSubmitRule.java
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.server.permissions.PermissionBackendException;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.ProjectCache;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.ProjectState;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
+import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.PrologOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.PrologRule;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.RulesCache;
 import com.google.inject.Inject;
@@ -78,19 +78,15 @@
     }
     input.filters = MoreObjects.firstNonNull(input.filters, filters);
 
-    SubmitRuleOptions opts =
-        SubmitRuleOptions.builder()
-            .skipFilters(input.filters == Filters.SKIP)
-            .rule(input.rule)
-            .logErrors(false)
-            .build();
-
     ProjectState projectState = projectCache.get(rsrc.getProject());
     if (projectState == null) {
       throw new BadRequestException("project not found");
     }
     ChangeData cd = changeDataFactory.create(rsrc.getNotes());
-    List<SubmitRecord> records = ImmutableList.copyOf(prologRule.evaluate(cd, opts));
+    List<SubmitRecord> records =
+        ImmutableList.copyOf(
+            prologRule.evaluate(
+                cd, PrologOptions.dryRunOptions(input.rule, input.filters == Filters.SKIP)));
     List<TestSubmitRuleInfo> out = Lists.newArrayListWithCapacity(records.size());
     AccountLoader accounts = accountInfoFactory.create(true);
     for (SubmitRecord r : records) {
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/restapi/change/TestSubmitType.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/restapi/change/TestSubmitType.java
index c5e1841..cb52fcb 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/restapi/change/TestSubmitType.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/restapi/change/TestSubmitType.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleEvaluator;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
+import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.PrologOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.PrologRule;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.RulesCache;
 import com.google.inject.Inject;
@@ -63,15 +64,10 @@
     }
     input.filters = MoreObjects.firstNonNull(input.filters, filters);
 
-    SubmitRuleOptions opts =
-        SubmitRuleOptions.builder()
-            .logErrors(false)
-            .skipFilters(input.filters == Filters.SKIP)
-            .rule(input.rule)
-            .build();
-
     ChangeData cd = changeDataFactory.create(rsrc.getNotes());
-    SubmitTypeRecord rec = prologRule.getSubmitType(cd, opts);
+    SubmitTypeRecord rec =
+        prologRule.getSubmitType(
+            cd, PrologOptions.dryRunOptions(input.rule, input.filters == Filters.SKIP));
 
     if (rec.status != SubmitTypeRecord.Status.OK) {
       throw new BadRequestException(String.format("rule produced invalid result: %s", rec));
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/DefaultSubmitRule.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/DefaultSubmitRule.java
index 8401c1d..ee997b2 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/DefaultSubmitRule.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/DefaultSubmitRule.java
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.reviewdb.client.PatchSetApproval;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.ProjectCache;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.ProjectState;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
 import com.google.inject.Inject;
 import com.google.inject.Singleton;
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@
   }
 
   @Override
-  public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData cd, SubmitRuleOptions options) {
+  public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData cd) {
     ProjectState projectState = projectCache.get(cd.project());
 
     // In case at least one project has a rules.pl file, we let Prolog handle it.
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/IgnoreSelfApprovalRule.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/IgnoreSelfApprovalRule.java
index 4695800..ff5d99e 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/IgnoreSelfApprovalRule.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/IgnoreSelfApprovalRule.java
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.extensions.config.FactoryModule;
 import com.google.gerrit.reviewdb.client.Account;
 import com.google.gerrit.reviewdb.client.PatchSetApproval;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
 import com.google.inject.Inject;
 import com.google.inject.Singleton;
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@
   IgnoreSelfApprovalRule() {}
 
   @Override
-  public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData cd, SubmitRuleOptions options) {
+  public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData cd) {
     List<LabelType> labelTypes;
     List<PatchSetApproval> approvals;
     try {
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologOptions.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologOptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da9b3ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologOptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package com.google.gerrit.server.rules;
+
+import com.google.auto.value.AutoValue;
+import com.google.gerrit.common.Nullable;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+@AutoValue
+public abstract class PrologOptions {
+  public static PrologOptions defaultOptions() {
+    return new AutoValue_PrologOptions.Builder().logErrors(true).skipFilters(false).build();
+  }
+
+  public static PrologOptions dryRunOptions(String ruleToTest, boolean skipFilters) {
+    return new AutoValue_PrologOptions.Builder()
+        .logErrors(false)
+        .skipFilters(skipFilters)
+        .rule(ruleToTest)
+        .build();
+  }
+
+  /** Whether errors should be logged. */
+  abstract boolean logErrors();
+
+  /** Whether Prolog filters from parent projects should be skipped. */
+  abstract boolean skipFilters();
+
+  /**
+   * Prolog rule that should be run. If not given, the Prolog rule that is configured for the
+   * project is used (the rule from rules.pl in refs/meta/config).
+   */
+  abstract Optional<String> rule();
+
+  @AutoValue.Builder
+  abstract static class Builder {
+    abstract PrologOptions.Builder logErrors(boolean logErrors);
+
+    abstract PrologOptions.Builder skipFilters(boolean skipFilters);
+
+    abstract PrologOptions.Builder rule(@Nullable String rule);
+
+    abstract PrologOptions build();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologRule.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologRule.java
index 0c54f40..e15b4b5 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologRule.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologRule.java
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.common.data.SubmitTypeRecord;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.ProjectCache;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.ProjectState;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
 import com.google.inject.Inject;
 import com.google.inject.Singleton;
@@ -37,21 +36,29 @@
   }
 
   @Override
-  public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData cd, SubmitRuleOptions opts) {
+  public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData cd) {
     ProjectState projectState = projectCache.get(cd.project());
     // We only want to run the Prolog engine if we have at least one rules.pl file to use.
-    if ((projectState == null || !projectState.hasPrologRules()) && opts.rule() == null) {
+    if ((projectState == null || !projectState.hasPrologRules())) {
       return Collections.emptyList();
     }
 
+    return evaluate(cd, PrologOptions.defaultOptions());
+  }
+
+  public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData cd, PrologOptions opts) {
     return getEvaluator(cd, opts).evaluate();
   }
 
-  private PrologRuleEvaluator getEvaluator(ChangeData cd, SubmitRuleOptions opts) {
-    return factory.create(cd, opts);
+  public SubmitTypeRecord getSubmitType(ChangeData cd) {
+    return getSubmitType(cd, PrologOptions.defaultOptions());
   }
 
-  public SubmitTypeRecord getSubmitType(ChangeData cd, SubmitRuleOptions opts) {
+  public SubmitTypeRecord getSubmitType(ChangeData cd, PrologOptions opts) {
     return getEvaluator(cd, opts).getSubmitType();
   }
+
+  private PrologRuleEvaluator getEvaluator(ChangeData cd, PrologOptions opts) {
+    return factory.create(cd, opts);
+  }
 }
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologRuleEvaluator.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologRuleEvaluator.java
index 4fbde63..7f6450d 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologRuleEvaluator.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/PrologRuleEvaluator.java
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.ProjectCache;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.ProjectState;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.RuleEvalException;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
 import com.google.inject.assistedinject.Assisted;
 import com.google.inject.assistedinject.AssistedInject;
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@
 
   public interface Factory {
     /** Returns a new {@link PrologRuleEvaluator} with the specified options */
-    PrologRuleEvaluator create(ChangeData cd, SubmitRuleOptions options);
+    PrologRuleEvaluator create(ChangeData cd, PrologOptions options);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@
   private final PrologEnvironment.Factory envFactory;
   private final ChangeData cd;
   private final ProjectState projectState;
-  private final SubmitRuleOptions opts;
+  private final PrologOptions opts;
   private Term submitRule;
 
   @AssistedInject
@@ -107,7 +106,7 @@
       PrologEnvironment.Factory envFactory,
       ProjectCache projectCache,
       @Assisted ChangeData cd,
-      @Assisted SubmitRuleOptions options) {
+      @Assisted PrologOptions options) {
     this.accountCache = accountCache;
     this.accounts = accounts;
     this.emails = emails;
@@ -459,22 +458,22 @@
     PrologEnvironment env;
     try {
       PrologMachineCopy pmc;
-      if (opts.rule() == null) {
+      if (opts.rule().isPresent()) {
+        pmc = rulesCache.loadMachine("stdin", new StringReader(opts.rule().get()));
+      } else {
         pmc =
             rulesCache.loadMachine(
                 projectState.getNameKey(), projectState.getConfig().getRulesId());
-      } else {
-        pmc = rulesCache.loadMachine("stdin", new StringReader(opts.rule()));
       }
       env = envFactory.create(pmc);
     } catch (CompileException err) {
       String msg;
-      if (opts.rule() == null) {
+      if (opts.rule().isPresent()) {
+        msg = err.getMessage();
+      } else {
         msg =
             String.format(
                 "Cannot load rules.pl for %s: %s", projectState.getName(), err.getMessage());
-      } else {
-        msg = err.getMessage();
       }
       throw new RuleEvalException(msg, err);
     }
diff --git a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/SubmitRule.java b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/SubmitRule.java
index 2a68683..20cb8fb 100644
--- a/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/SubmitRule.java
+++ b/java/com/google/gerrit/server/rules/SubmitRule.java
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 
 import com.google.gerrit.common.data.SubmitRecord;
 import com.google.gerrit.extensions.annotations.ExtensionPoint;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
 import java.util.Collection;
 
@@ -40,5 +39,5 @@
 @ExtensionPoint
 public interface SubmitRule {
   /** Returns a {@link Collection} of {@link SubmitRecord} status for the change. */
-  Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData changeData, SubmitRuleOptions options);
+  Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData changeData);
 }
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/api/change/ChangeSubmitRequirementIT.java b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/api/change/ChangeSubmitRequirementIT.java
index f087b78..1842a9ec 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/api/change/ChangeSubmitRequirementIT.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/api/change/ChangeSubmitRequirementIT.java
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.extensions.common.ChangeInfo;
 import com.google.gerrit.extensions.common.SubmitRequirementInfo;
 import com.google.gerrit.extensions.config.FactoryModule;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.SubmitRule;
 import com.google.inject.Module;
@@ -67,7 +66,7 @@
 
   private static class CustomSubmitRule implements SubmitRule {
     @Override
-    public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData changeData, SubmitRuleOptions options) {
+    public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData changeData) {
       SubmitRecord record = new SubmitRecord();
       record.labels = new ArrayList<>();
       record.status = SubmitRecord.Status.NOT_READY;
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/rest/TraceIT.java b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/rest/TraceIT.java
index 56a9b69..15b9a93 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/rest/TraceIT.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/rest/TraceIT.java
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.server.logging.PerformanceLogger;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.logging.TraceContext;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.project.CreateProjectArgs;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.SubmitRule;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.validators.ProjectCreationValidationListener;
@@ -680,7 +679,7 @@
     boolean failOnce;
 
     @Override
-    public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData changeData, SubmitRuleOptions options) {
+    public Collection<SubmitRecord> evaluate(ChangeData changeData) {
       if (failOnce) {
         failOnce = false;
         throw new IllegalStateException("forced failure from test");
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/server/rules/IgnoreSelfApprovalRuleIT.java b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/server/rules/IgnoreSelfApprovalRuleIT.java
index 83782c9..37237c6 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/server/rules/IgnoreSelfApprovalRuleIT.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/server/rules/IgnoreSelfApprovalRuleIT.java
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.common.data.LabelType;
 import com.google.gerrit.common.data.SubmitRecord;
 import com.google.gerrit.common.data.SubmitRequirement;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.IgnoreSelfApprovalRule;
 import com.google.inject.Inject;
 import java.util.Collection;
@@ -42,8 +41,7 @@
     PushOneCommit.Result r = createChange();
     approve(r.getChangeId());
 
-    Collection<SubmitRecord> submitRecords =
-        rule.evaluate(r.getChange(), SubmitRuleOptions.defaults());
+    Collection<SubmitRecord> submitRecords = rule.evaluate(r.getChange());
 
     assertThat(submitRecords).hasSize(1);
     SubmitRecord result = submitRecords.iterator().next();
@@ -69,8 +67,7 @@
     // Approve as admin
     approve(r.getChangeId());
 
-    Collection<SubmitRecord> submitRecords =
-        rule.evaluate(r.getChange(), SubmitRuleOptions.defaults());
+    Collection<SubmitRecord> submitRecords = rule.evaluate(r.getChange());
     assertThat(submitRecords).isEmpty();
   }
 
@@ -81,8 +78,7 @@
     PushOneCommit.Result r = createChange();
     approve(r.getChangeId());
 
-    Collection<SubmitRecord> submitRecords =
-        rule.evaluate(r.getChange(), SubmitRuleOptions.defaults());
+    Collection<SubmitRecord> submitRecords = rule.evaluate(r.getChange());
     assertThat(submitRecords).isEmpty();
   }
 
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/server/rules/PrologRuleEvaluatorIT.java b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/server/rules/PrologRuleEvaluatorIT.java
index c6f2024..efc3b5b 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/server/rules/PrologRuleEvaluatorIT.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/gerrit/acceptance/server/rules/PrologRuleEvaluatorIT.java
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 import com.google.gerrit.acceptance.TestAccount;
 import com.google.gerrit.common.data.SubmitRecord;
 import com.google.gerrit.reviewdb.client.Change;
-import com.google.gerrit.server.project.SubmitRuleOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.query.change.ChangeData;
+import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.PrologOptions;
 import com.google.gerrit.server.rules.PrologRuleEvaluator;
 import com.google.gerrit.testing.TestChanges;
 import com.google.inject.Inject;
@@ -156,6 +156,6 @@
   }
 
   private PrologRuleEvaluator makeEvaluator() {
-    return evaluatorFactory.create(makeChangeData(), SubmitRuleOptions.defaults());
+    return evaluatorFactory.create(makeChangeData(), PrologOptions.defaultOptions());
   }
 }