// Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package com.google.gerrit.server.git.meta;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.gerrit.server.update.context.RefUpdateContext.RefUpdateType.VERSIONED_META_DATA_CHANGE;

import com.google.common.base.MoreObjects;
import com.google.common.flogger.FluentLogger;
import com.google.gerrit.common.Nullable;
import com.google.gerrit.entities.Project;
import com.google.gerrit.git.GitUpdateFailureException;
import com.google.gerrit.git.LockFailureException;
import com.google.gerrit.git.ObjectIds;
import com.google.gerrit.server.InvalidConfigFileException;
import com.google.gerrit.server.logging.Metadata;
import com.google.gerrit.server.logging.TraceContext;
import com.google.gerrit.server.logging.TraceContext.TraceTimer;
import com.google.gerrit.server.update.context.RefUpdateContext;
import com.google.gerrit.server.util.CommitMessageUtil;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Optional;
import org.eclipse.jgit.dircache.DirCache;
import org.eclipse.jgit.dircache.DirCacheBuilder;
import org.eclipse.jgit.dircache.DirCacheEditor;
import org.eclipse.jgit.dircache.DirCacheEditor.DeletePath;
import org.eclipse.jgit.dircache.DirCacheEditor.PathEdit;
import org.eclipse.jgit.dircache.DirCacheEntry;
import org.eclipse.jgit.errors.ConfigInvalidException;
import org.eclipse.jgit.errors.IncorrectObjectTypeException;
import org.eclipse.jgit.errors.MissingObjectException;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.AnyObjectId;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.BatchRefUpdate;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.CommitBuilder;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Config;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Constants;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.FileMode;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectId;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectInserter;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectLoader;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.ObjectReader;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Ref;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.RefUpdate;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Repository;
import org.eclipse.jgit.revwalk.RevCommit;
import org.eclipse.jgit.revwalk.RevTree;
import org.eclipse.jgit.revwalk.RevWalk;
import org.eclipse.jgit.transport.ReceiveCommand;
import org.eclipse.jgit.treewalk.TreeWalk;
import org.eclipse.jgit.util.ChangeIdUtil;
import org.eclipse.jgit.util.RawParseUtils;

/**
 * Support for metadata stored within a version controlled branch.
 *
 * <p>Implementors are responsible for supplying implementations of the onLoad and onSave methods to
 * read from the repository, or format an update that can later be written back to the repository.
 */
public abstract class VersionedMetaData {
  private static final FluentLogger logger = FluentLogger.forEnclosingClass();

  /**
   * Path information that does not hold references to any repository data structures, allowing the
   * application to retain this object for long periods of time.
   */
  public static class PathInfo {
    public final FileMode fileMode;
    public final String path;
    public final ObjectId objectId;

    protected PathInfo(TreeWalk tw) {
      fileMode = tw.getFileMode(0);
      path = tw.getPathString();
      objectId = tw.getObjectId(0);
    }
  }

  /** The revision at which the data was loaded. Is null for data yet to be created. */
  @Nullable protected RevCommit revision;

  protected Project.NameKey projectName;
  protected RevWalk rw;
  protected ObjectReader reader;
  protected ObjectInserter inserter;
  protected DirCache newTree;

  /** Returns name of the reference storing this configuration. */
  protected abstract String getRefName();

  /** Set up the metadata, parsing any state from the loaded revision. */
  protected abstract void onLoad() throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException;

  /**
   * Save any changes to the metadata in a commit.
   *
   * @return true if the commit should proceed, false to abort.
   */
  protected abstract boolean onSave(CommitBuilder commit)
      throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException;

  /** Returns revision of the metadata that was loaded. */
  @Nullable
  public ObjectId getRevision() {
    return ObjectIds.copyOrNull(revision);
  }

  /**
   * Load the current version from the branch.
   *
   * <p>The repository is not held after the call completes, allowing the application to retain this
   * object for long periods of time.
   *
   * @param projectName the name of the project
   * @param db repository to access.
   */
  public void load(Project.NameKey projectName, Repository db)
      throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
    Ref ref = db.getRefDatabase().exactRef(getRefName());
    load(projectName, db, ref != null ? ref.getObjectId() : null);
  }

  /**
   * Load a specific version from the repository.
   *
   * <p>This method is primarily useful for applying updates to a specific revision that was shown
   * to an end-user in the user interface. If there are conflicts with another user's concurrent
   * changes, these will be automatically detected at commit time.
   *
   * <p>The repository is not held after the call completes, allowing the application to retain this
   * object for long periods of time.
   *
   * @param projectName the name of the project
   * @param db repository to access.
   * @param id revision to load.
   */
  public void load(Project.NameKey projectName, Repository db, @Nullable ObjectId id)
      throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
    try (RevWalk walk = new RevWalk(db)) {
      load(projectName, walk, id);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Load a specific version from an open walk.
   *
   * <p>This method is primarily useful for applying updates to a specific revision that was shown
   * to an end-user in the user interface. If there are conflicts with another user's concurrent
   * changes, these will be automatically detected at commit time.
   *
   * <p>The caller retains ownership of the walk and is responsible for closing it. However, this
   * instance does not hold a reference to the walk or the repository after the call completes,
   * allowing the application to retain this object for long periods of time.
   *
   * @param projectName the name of the project
   * @param walk open walk to access to access.
   * @param id revision to load.
   */
  public void load(Project.NameKey projectName, RevWalk walk, ObjectId id)
      throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
    this.projectName = projectName;
    this.rw = walk;
    this.reader = walk.getObjectReader();
    try {
      revision = id != null ? walk.parseCommit(id) : null;
      onLoad();
    } finally {
      this.rw = null;
      this.reader = null;
    }
  }

  public void load(MetaDataUpdate update) throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
    load(update.getProjectName(), update.getRepository());
  }

  public void load(MetaDataUpdate update, ObjectId id) throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
    load(update.getProjectName(), update.getRepository(), id);
  }

  /**
   * Update this metadata branch, recording a new commit on its reference. This method mutates its
   * receiver.
   *
   * @param update helper information to define the update that will occur.
   * @return the commit that was created
   * @throws IOException if there is a storage problem and the update cannot be executed as
   *     requested or if it failed because of a concurrent update to the same reference
   */
  public RevCommit commit(MetaDataUpdate update) throws IOException {
    try (BatchMetaDataUpdate batch = openUpdate(update)) {
      batch.write(update.getCommitBuilder());
      return batch.commit();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Update this metadata branch, recording a new commit on its reference. This method mutates its
   * receiver.
   *
   * @param update helper information to define the update that will occur.
   * @param objInserter Shared object inserter.
   * @param objReader Shared object reader.
   * @param revWalk Shared rev walk.
   * @return the commit that was created
   * @throws IOException if there is a storage problem and the update cannot be executed as
   *     requested or if it failed because of a concurrent update to the same reference
   */
  public RevCommit commit(
      MetaDataUpdate update, ObjectInserter objInserter, ObjectReader objReader, RevWalk revWalk)
      throws IOException {
    try (BatchMetaDataUpdate batch = openUpdate(update, objInserter, objReader, revWalk)) {
      batch.write(update.getCommitBuilder());
      return batch.commit();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new commit and a new ref based on this commit. This method mutates its receiver.
   *
   * @param update helper information to define the update that will occur.
   * @param refName name of the ref that should be created
   * @return the commit that was created
   * @throws IOException if there is a storage problem and the update cannot be executed as
   *     requested or if it failed because of a concurrent update to the same reference
   */
  public RevCommit commitToNewRef(MetaDataUpdate update, String refName) throws IOException {
    try (BatchMetaDataUpdate batch = openUpdate(update)) {
      batch.write(update.getCommitBuilder());
      return batch.createRef(refName);
    }
  }

  public interface BatchMetaDataUpdate extends AutoCloseable {
    void write(CommitBuilder commit) throws IOException;

    void write(VersionedMetaData config, CommitBuilder commit) throws IOException;

    RevCommit createRef(String refName) throws IOException;

    RevCommit commit() throws IOException;

    RevCommit commitAt(ObjectId revision) throws IOException;

    @Override
    void close();
  }

  /**
   * Open a batch of updates to the same metadata ref.
   *
   * <p>This allows making multiple commits to a single metadata ref, at the end of which is a
   * single ref update. For batching together updates to multiple refs (each consisting of one or
   * more commits against their respective refs), create the {@link MetaDataUpdate} with a {@link
   * BatchRefUpdate}.
   *
   * <p>A ref update produced by this {@link BatchMetaDataUpdate} is only committed if there is no
   * associated {@link BatchRefUpdate}. As a result, the configured ref updated event is not fired
   * if there is an associated batch.
   *
   * @param update helper info about the update.
   * @throws IOException if the update failed.
   */
  public BatchMetaDataUpdate openUpdate(MetaDataUpdate update) throws IOException {
    return openUpdate(update, null, null, null);
  }

  /**
   * Open a batch of updates to the same metadata ref.
   *
   * <p>This allows making multiple commits to a single metadata ref, at the end of which is a
   * single ref update. For batching together updates to multiple refs (each consisting of one or
   * more commits against their respective refs), create the {@link MetaDataUpdate} with a {@link
   * BatchRefUpdate}.
   *
   * <p>A ref update produced by this {@link BatchMetaDataUpdate} is only committed if there is no
   * associated {@link BatchRefUpdate}. As a result, the configured ref updated event is not fired
   * if there is an associated batch.
   *
   * <p>If object inserter, reader and revwalk are provided, then the updates are not flushed,
   * allowing callers the flexibility to flush only once after several updates.
   *
   * @param update helper info about the update.
   * @param objInserter Shared object inserter.
   * @param objReader Shared object reader.
   * @param revWalk Shared rev walk.
   * @throws IOException if the update failed.
   */
  public BatchMetaDataUpdate openUpdate(
      MetaDataUpdate update, ObjectInserter objInserter, ObjectReader objReader, RevWalk revWalk)
      throws IOException {
    final Repository db = update.getRepository();

    inserter = objInserter == null ? db.newObjectInserter() : objInserter;
    reader = objReader == null ? inserter.newReader() : objReader;
    final RevWalk rw = revWalk == null ? new RevWalk(reader) : revWalk;

    final RevTree tree = revision != null ? rw.parseTree(revision) : null;
    newTree = readTree(tree);
    return new BatchMetaDataUpdate() {
      RevCommit src = revision;
      AnyObjectId srcTree = tree;

      @Override
      public void write(CommitBuilder commit) throws IOException {
        write(VersionedMetaData.this, commit);
      }

      private boolean doSave(VersionedMetaData config, CommitBuilder commit) throws IOException {
        DirCache nt = config.newTree;
        ObjectReader r = config.reader;
        ObjectInserter i = config.inserter;
        RevCommit c = config.revision;
        try {
          config.newTree = newTree;
          config.reader = reader;
          config.inserter = inserter;
          config.revision = src;
          return config.onSave(commit);
        } catch (ConfigInvalidException e) {
          throw new IOException(
              "Cannot update " + getRefName() + " in " + db.getDirectory() + ": " + e.getMessage(),
              e);
        } finally {
          config.newTree = nt;
          config.reader = r;
          config.inserter = i;
          config.revision = c;
        }
      }

      @Override
      public void write(VersionedMetaData config, CommitBuilder commit) throws IOException {
        checkSameRef(config);
        if (!doSave(config, commit)) {
          return;
        }

        ObjectId res = newTree.writeTree(inserter);
        if (res.equals(srcTree) && !update.allowEmpty() && (commit.getTreeId() == null)) {
          // If there are no changes to the content, don't create the commit.
          return;
        }

        // If changes are made to the DirCache and those changes are written as
        // a commit and then the tree ID is set for the CommitBuilder, then
        // those previous DirCache changes will be ignored and the commit's
        // tree will be replaced with the ID in the CommitBuilder. The same is
        // true if you explicitly set tree ID in a commit and then make changes
        // to the DirCache; that tree ID will be ignored and replaced by that of
        // the tree for the updated DirCache.
        if (commit.getTreeId() == null) {
          commit.setTreeId(res);
        } else {
          // In this case, the caller populated the tree without using DirCache.
          res = commit.getTreeId();
        }

        if (src != null) {
          commit.addParentId(src);
        }

        if (update.insertChangeId()) {
          commit.setMessage(
              ChangeIdUtil.insertId(commit.getMessage(), CommitMessageUtil.generateChangeId()));
        }

        src = rw.parseCommit(inserter.insert(commit));
        srcTree = res;
      }

      private void checkSameRef(VersionedMetaData other) {
        String thisRef = VersionedMetaData.this.getRefName();
        String otherRef = other.getRefName();
        checkArgument(
            otherRef.equals(thisRef),
            "cannot add %s for %s to %s on %s",
            other.getClass().getSimpleName(),
            otherRef,
            BatchMetaDataUpdate.class.getSimpleName(),
            thisRef);
      }

      @Override
      public RevCommit createRef(String refName) throws IOException {
        if (Objects.equals(src, revision)) {
          return revision;
        }
        return updateRef(ObjectId.zeroId(), src, refName);
      }

      @Override
      public RevCommit commit() throws IOException {
        return commitAt(revision);
      }

      @Override
      public RevCommit commitAt(ObjectId expected) throws IOException {
        if (Objects.equals(src, expected)) {
          return revision;
        }
        return updateRef(MoreObjects.firstNonNull(expected, ObjectId.zeroId()), src, getRefName());
      }

      @Override
      public void close() {
        newTree = null;

        if (revWalk == null) {
          rw.close();
        }

        if (objInserter == null && inserter != null) {
          inserter.close();
          inserter = null;
        }

        if (objReader == null && reader != null) {
          reader.close();
          reader = null;
        }
      }

      private RevCommit updateRef(AnyObjectId oldId, AnyObjectId newId, String refName)
          throws IOException {
        try (RefUpdateContext ctx = RefUpdateContext.open(VERSIONED_META_DATA_CHANGE)) {
          BatchRefUpdate bru = update.getBatch();
          if (bru != null) {
            bru.addCommand(new ReceiveCommand(oldId.toObjectId(), newId.toObjectId(), refName));
            if (objInserter == null) {
              inserter.flush();
            }
            revision = rw.parseCommit(newId);
            return revision;
          }

          RefUpdate ru = db.updateRef(refName);
          ru.setExpectedOldObjectId(oldId);
          ru.setNewObjectId(newId);
          ru.setRefLogIdent(update.getCommitBuilder().getAuthor());
          String message = update.getCommitBuilder().getMessage();
          if (message == null) {
            message = "meta data update";
          }
          try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new StringReader(message))) {
            // read the subject line and use it as reflog message
            ru.setRefLogMessage("commit: " + reader.readLine(), true);
          }
          logger.atFine().log("Saving commit '%s' on project '%s'", message.trim(), projectName);
          inserter.flush();
          RefUpdate.Result result = ru.update();
          switch (result) {
            case NEW:
            case FAST_FORWARD:
              revision = rw.parseCommit(ru.getNewObjectId());
              update.fireGitRefUpdatedEvent(ru);
              logger.atFine().log(
                  "Saved commit '%s' as revision '%s' on project '%s'",
                  message.trim(), revision.name(), projectName);
              return revision;
            case LOCK_FAILURE:
              throw new LockFailureException(errorMsg(ru, db.getDirectory()), ru);
            case FORCED:
            case IO_FAILURE:
            case NOT_ATTEMPTED:
            case NO_CHANGE:
            case REJECTED:
            case REJECTED_CURRENT_BRANCH:
            case RENAMED:
            case REJECTED_MISSING_OBJECT:
            case REJECTED_OTHER_REASON:
            default:
              throw new GitUpdateFailureException(errorMsg(ru, db.getDirectory()), ru);
          }
        }
      }
    };
  }

  private String errorMsg(RefUpdate ru, File location) {
    return String.format(
        "Cannot update %s in %s: %s (%s)",
        ru.getName(), location, ru.getResult(), ru.getRefLogMessage());
  }

  protected DirCache readTree(RevTree tree)
      throws IOException, MissingObjectException, IncorrectObjectTypeException {
    DirCache dc = DirCache.newInCore();
    if (tree != null) {
      DirCacheBuilder b = dc.builder();
      b.addTree(new byte[0], DirCacheEntry.STAGE_0, reader, tree);
      b.finish();
    }
    return dc;
  }

  protected Config readConfig(String fileName) throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
    return readConfig(fileName, Optional.empty());
  }

  protected Config readConfig(String fileName, Optional<? extends Config> baseConfig)
      throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
    Config rc = new Config(baseConfig.isPresent() ? baseConfig.get() : null);
    String text = readUTF8(fileName);
    if (!text.isEmpty()) {
      try {
        rc.fromText(text);
      } catch (ConfigInvalidException err) {
        throw new InvalidConfigFileException(projectName, getRefName(), revision, fileName, err);
      }
    }
    return rc;
  }

  protected String readUTF8(String fileName) throws IOException {
    byte[] raw = readFile(fileName);
    return raw.length != 0 ? RawParseUtils.decode(raw) : "";
  }

  protected byte[] readFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
    if (revision == null) {
      return new byte[] {};
    }

    try (TraceTimer timer =
            TraceContext.newTimer(
                "Read file",
                Metadata.builder()
                    .projectName(projectName.get())
                    .noteDbRefName(getRefName())
                    .revision(revision.name())
                    .noteDbFilePath(fileName)
                    .build());
        TreeWalk tw = TreeWalk.forPath(reader, fileName, revision.getTree())) {
      if (tw != null) {
        ObjectLoader obj = reader.open(tw.getObjectId(0), Constants.OBJ_BLOB);
        return obj.getCachedBytes(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
      }
    }
    return new byte[] {};
  }

  @Nullable
  protected ObjectId getObjectId(String fileName) throws IOException {
    if (revision == null) {
      return null;
    }

    try (TreeWalk tw = TreeWalk.forPath(reader, fileName, revision.getTree())) {
      if (tw != null) {
        return tw.getObjectId(0);
      }
    }

    return null;
  }

  public List<PathInfo> getPathInfos(boolean recursive) throws IOException {
    try (TreeWalk tw = new TreeWalk(reader)) {
      tw.addTree(revision.getTree());
      tw.setRecursive(recursive);
      List<PathInfo> paths = new ArrayList<>();
      while (tw.next()) {
        paths.add(new PathInfo(tw));
      }
      return paths;
    }
  }

  protected static void set(
      Config rc, String section, String subsection, String name, String value) {
    if (value != null) {
      rc.setString(section, subsection, name, value);
    } else {
      rc.unset(section, subsection, name);
    }
  }

  protected static void set(
      Config rc, String section, String subsection, String name, boolean value) {
    if (value) {
      rc.setBoolean(section, subsection, name, value);
    } else {
      rc.unset(section, subsection, name);
    }
  }

  protected static <E extends Enum<?>> void set(
      Config rc, String section, String subsection, String name, E value, E defaultValue) {
    if (value != defaultValue) {
      rc.setEnum(section, subsection, name, value);
    } else {
      rc.unset(section, subsection, name);
    }
  }

  protected void saveConfig(String fileName, Config cfg) throws IOException {
    saveUTF8(fileName, cfg.toText());
  }

  protected void saveUTF8(String fileName, String text) throws IOException {
    saveFile(fileName, text != null ? Constants.encode(text) : null);
  }

  protected void saveFile(String fileName, byte[] raw) throws IOException {
    try (TraceTimer timer =
        TraceContext.newTimer(
            "Save file",
            Metadata.builder()
                .projectName(projectName.get())
                .noteDbRefName(getRefName())
                .noteDbFilePath(fileName)
                .build())) {
      DirCacheEditor editor = newTree.editor();
      if (raw != null && 0 < raw.length) {
        final ObjectId blobId = inserter.insert(Constants.OBJ_BLOB, raw);
        editor.add(
            new PathEdit(fileName) {
              @Override
              public void apply(DirCacheEntry ent) {
                ent.setFileMode(FileMode.REGULAR_FILE);
                ent.setObjectId(blobId);
              }
            });
      } else {
        editor.add(new DeletePath(fileName));
      }
      editor.finish();
    }
  }
}